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According Article 2 Of Constitution Official Language Of France French, Romance Language Derived From Latin Since 1635 Académie Française Has Been France's Official Authority French Language Although Its Recommendations Carry No Legal Weight There Also Regional Languages Spoken France Such Occitan Breton Catalan Flemish (Dutch Dialect) Alsatian (German Dialect) Basque Others (see Languages Of France) Italian Was Official Language Of Corsica Until May 9 1859The French Government Does Not Regulate Choice Of Language Publications Individuals But Use Of French Required Law Commercial Workplace Communications Addition Mandating Use Of French Territory Of Republic French Government Tries Promote French European Union Globally Through Institutions Such La Francophonie Perceived Threat From Anglicisation Has Prompted Efforts Safeguard Position Of French Language France Besides French There Exist 77 Vernacular Minority Languages Of France Eight Spoken French Metropolitan Territory 69 French Overseas TerritoriesFrom 17th Mid-20th Century French Served Pre-eminent International Language Of Diplomacy International Affairs Well Lingua Franca Among Educated Classes Of Europedominant Position Of French Language International Affairs Was Overtaken English Since Emergence Of US Major PowerFor Most Of Time Which French Served International Lingua Franca Was Not Native Language Of Most Frenchmen Report 1794 Conducted Henri Grégoire Found That Of Country's 25 Million People Only Three Million Spoke French Natively Rest Spoke One Of Country's Many Regional Languages Such Alsatian Breton Or Occitan Through Expansion Of Public Education Which French Was Sole Language Of Instruction Well Other Factors Such Increased Urbanisation Rise Of Mass Communication French Gradually Came Be Adopted Virtually Entire Population Process Not Completed Until 20th CenturyAs Result Of France's Extensive Colonial Ambitions Between 17th 20th Centuries French Was Introduced Americas Africa Polynesia South-East Asia Caribbean French Second Most Studied Foreign Language World After English, Lingua Franca Some Regions Notably Africa Legacy Of French Living Language Outside Europe Mixed Nearly Extinct Some Former French Colonies (The Levant South Southeast Asia) While Creoles Pidgins Based French Have Emerged French Departments West Indies South Pacific (French Polynesia) Other Hand Many Former French Colonies Have Adopted French Official Language Total Number Of French Speakers Increasing Especially AfricaIt Estimated That Between 300 Million 500 Million People Worldwide Can Speak French Either Mother Tongue Or Second LanguageAccording 2007 Adult Education Survey Part Of Project European Union Carried France Insee Based Sample Of 15,350 Persons French Was First Mother Tongue Of 87.2% Of Total Population Or Roughly 55.81 Million People Followed Arabic (3.6% 2.30 Million) Portuguese (1.5% 0.96 Million) Spanish (1.2% 0.77 Million) Italian (1.0% 0.64 Million) People Who Had Other Languages Their Mother Tongue Made Up 5.2% Of PopulationReligion
Amphitheatre of Three Gauls Roman ruins of amphitheatreMiddle Ages Renaissance, The Roman Catholic Basilique du Sacré-Cœur The Paris region hosts France's highest concentration of grandes écoles – 55 specialised centres of higher-education outside public university structure prestigious public universities usually considered grands établissements Most of grandes écoles were relocated suburbs of Paris 1960s 1970s new campuses much larger than old campuses within crowded city of Paris though École Normale Supérieure has remained rue d'Ulm 5th arrondissement There high number of engineering schools led Paris Institute of Technology which comprises several colleges such École Polytechnique École des Mines AgroParisTech Télécom Paris Arts et Métiers École des Ponts et Chaussées There also many business schools including HEC INSEAD ESSEC ESCP Europe administrative school such ENA has been relocated Strasbourg political science school Sciences-Po still located Paris's 7th arrondissement most prestigious university of economics finance Paris-Dauphine located Paris's 16th Parisian school of journalism CELSA department of Paris-Sorbonne University located Neuilly-sur-Seine Paris also home several of France's most famous high-schools such Lycée Louis-le-Grand Lycée Henri-IV Lycée Janson de Sailly Lycée Condorcet National Institute of Sport Physical Education located 12th arrondissement both physical education institute high-level training centre elite athletesLibraries. François Mitterrand Chancellor Helmut Kohl 24 September 1987 press conference with microphones, The Parisii sub-tribe of Celtic Senones inhabited Paris area from around middle of 3rd century BC One of area's major north–south trade routes crossed Seine île de la Cité this meeting place of land water trade routes gradually became important trading centreParisii traded with many river towns (some far away Iberian Peninsula) minted their own coins that purposeGold coins minted Parisii (1st century BC), This section needs expansion You can help adding it (June 2017). Italy Rome Italy 1956 Stade de France The Élysée Palace residence of French President 8th arrondissement Monplaisir (south) Bachut États-Unis Grand Trou/Moulin à Vent Grange Blanche (south) Laënnec Mermoz Monplaisir-la-Plaine!
Le Grand Rex tower Fernand Braudel remarked Historians of Lyon not sufficiently aware of bi-polarity between Paris Lyon which constant structure French development...from late Middle Ages Industrial Revolution late 15th century fairs introduced Italian merchants made Lyon economic counting house of France Even Bourse (treasury) built 1749 resembled public bazaar where accounts were settled open air When international banking moved Genoa then Amsterdam Lyon remained banking centre of FranceDuring Renaissance city's development was driven silk trade which strengthened its ties Italy Italian influence Lyon's architecture still visible among historic buildings later 1400s 1500s Lyon was also key centre of literary activity book publishing both of French writers (such Maurice Scève Antoine Heroet Louise Labé) of Italians exile (such Luigi Alamanni Gian Giorgio Trissino)Lyon under siege 1793! Paris has been international capital of high fashion since 19th century particularly domain of haute couture clothing hand-made order private clients home of some of largest fashion houses world including Dior Chanel of many well-known fashion designers including Karl Lagerfeld Jean-Paul Gaultier Christophe Josse Christian Lacroix Paris Fashion Week held January July Carrousel du Louvre other city locations among top four events of international fashion calendar along with fashion weeks Milan London New York Paris also home of world's largest cosmetics company L'Oréal three of five top global makers of luxury fashion accessories Louis Vuitton Hermés Cartier Most of major fashion designers have their showrooms along Avenue Montaigne between Champs-Élysées SeineHolidays festivals. The Roman ruins hillside near Fourvière Basilica with Ancient Theatre of Fourvière Odeon of Lyon accompanying Gallo-Roman Museum. Place des Vosges Ecole Centrale de Marseille part of Centrale Graduate School.
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