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Lyon Pilot City Of Council Of Europe European Commission Intercultural Cities ProgramFrance (French [fʁɑ̃s]) Officially French Republic (French République Française French Pronunciation ​[ʁepyblik Fʁɑ̃sɛz]) Country Whose Territory Consists Of Metropolitan France Western Europe Several Overseas Regions Territories.[XIII] Metropolitan Area Of France Extends From Mediterranean Sea English Channel North Sea From Rhine Atlantic Ocean Overseas Territories Include French Guiana South America Several Islands Atlantic Pacific Indian Oceans Country's 18 Integral Regions (five Of Which Situated Overseas) Span Combined Area Of 643,801 Square Kilometres (248,573 Sq Mi) Total Population Of 67.3 Million (as Of October 2018) France Sovereign State Unitary Semi-presidential Republic With Its Capital Paris Country's Largest City Main Cultural Commercial Centre Other Major Urban Areas Include Lyon Marseille Toulouse Bordeaux Lille NiceDuring Iron Age What Now Metropolitan France Was Inhabited Gauls Celtic People Rome Annexed Area 51 BC Holding Until Arrival Of Germanic Franks 476 Who Formed Kingdom Of France France Emerged Major European Power Late Middle Ages Following Its Victory Hundred Years' War (1337 1453) During Renaissance French Culture Flourished Global Colonial Empire Was Established Which 20th Century Would Become Second Largest World16th Century Was Dominated Religious Civil Wars Between Catholics Protestants (Huguenots) France Became Europe's Dominant Cultural Political Military Power 17th Century Under Louis XIV Late 18th Century French Revolution Overthrew Absolute Monarchy Established One Of Modern History's Earliest Republics Saw Drafting Of Declaration Of Rights Of Man Of Citizen Which Expresses Nation's Ideals This DayIn 19th Century Napoleon Took Power Established First French Empire His Subsequent Napoleonic Wars Shaped Course Of Continental Europe Following Collapse Of Empire France Endured Tumultuous Succession Of Governments Culminating With Establishment Of French Third Republic 1870 France Was Major Participant World War I From Which Emerged Victorious Was One Of Allies World War II But Came Under Occupation Axis Powers 1940 Following Liberation 1944 Fourth Republic Was Established Later Dissolved Course Of Algerian War Fifth Republic Led Charles De Gaulle Was Formed 1958 Remains Today Algeria Nearly All Other Colonies Became Independent 1960s Typically Retained Close Economic Military Connections With FranceFrance Has Long Been Global Centre Of Art Science Philosophy Hosts World's Fourth-largest Number Of UNESCO World Heritage Sites Leading Tourist Destination Receiving Around 83 Million Foreign Visitors Annually France Developed Country With World's Seventh-largest Economy Nominal GDP, Tenth-largest Purchasing Power Parityterms Of Aggregate Household Wealth Ranks Fourth World France Performs Well International Rankings Of Education Health Care Life Expectancy Human Development France Considered Great Power Global Affairs, Being One Of Five Permanent Members Of United Nations Security Council With Power Veto Official Nuclear-weapon State Leading Member State Of European Union Eurozone, Member Of Group Of 7 North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Organisation Economic Co-operation Development (OECD) World Trade Organization (WTO) La FrancophonieEtymology